Addiscott, T.M. and R.J. Wagenet, 1985, �Concepts of solute leaching in soils: a review of modeling approaches,� Journal of Soil Science 36:411-424.

Allen, M.B. III, 1985, �Numerical modeling of multiphase flow in porous media,� Water Resources 8(4), pp. 162-187

Ames, W. F., 1997, Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations, 2nd Ed., Academic Press, New York.

Anderson, M.P., 1991, �Aquifer heterogeneity - a geological perspective," In: Parameter Identification and Estimation for Aquifer and Reservoir Characterization, National Water Well Association, Columbus, Ohio, pp. 3-22.

Anderson, M.P., D.S. Ward, E.G. Lappala, and T.A. Prickett, 1992, �Computer models for subsurface water,� In: Handbook of Hydrology (D. Maidment, editor), McGraw-Hill, Chap. 22.

Anderson, M.P., and W.W. Woessner, 1992, Applied Groundwater Modeling: Simulation of Flow and Advective Transport, Academic Press.

April, R., and R. Newton. 1985. Influence of geology on lake acidification in the ILWAS watersheds. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 26:373-386.

ASTM, 1976, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Washington D.C.

Bear, J., 1972, Dynamics of Fluids in Porous Media, American Elsevier, New York.

Bear, J., and A. Verruijt, 1987, Modeling Groundwater Flow and Pollution, D. Reidel Publishing Co.

Belji, M. S. and P. K. M. ven der Heijde, 1993, SOLUTE: A Program Package of Analytical Models for Solute Transport in Ground-Water, Ground Water Modeling Center, Golden, CO.

Bloomsburg, G.L., and R.E. Rinker, 1983, �Groundwater modeling with an interactive computer,� Ground Water 21(2), pp. 208-211.

Boonstra, J., and N.A. deRidder, 1981, Numerical Modeling of Groundwater Basins - a User-Oriented Manual, International Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement, The Netherlands, 226 p.

BS 1377, 1975, Methods of Test for Soils for Civil Engineering Purposes, British Standards Institution, London.

Carrera, J., and S.P. Neuman, 1986a, �Estimation of aquifer parameters under transient and steady state conditions, 1, Maximum likelihood method incorporating prior information,� Water Resources Research 22(2), pp. 199-210.

Carrera, J., and S.P. Neuman, 1986b, �Estimation of aquifer parameters under transient and steady state conditions, 2, Uniqueness, stability and pollution algorithms,� Water Resources Research 22(2), pp. 211-227.

Carrera, J., and S.P. Neuman, 1986c, �Estimation of aquifer parameters under transient and steady state conditions, 3, Application to synthetic and field data,� Water Resources Research 22(2), pp. 228-242.

Carsel, R.F., C.N. Smith, L.A. Mulkey, J.D. Dean, and P. Jowise, 1984, User's manual for the pesticide root zone model (PRZM) - Release 1, EPA-600/3-84-109.

Carsel, R.F. and R.S. Parrish, 1988, �Variation within Texture Classes of Soil Water Characteristics,� Water Resources Research, vol. 24, pp.755-769.

Cassel, D.K., 1983, �Spatial and temporal variability of soil physical properties following tillage of Norfolk loamy sand,� Soil Science Society American Journal 47:196-201

Cleary, R. W. and M. J. Ungs, 1994, PRINCE: Princeton Analytical Models of Flow and Transport, User Guide, Version 3.0, Waterloo Hydrogeologic Software, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.

Darr, R.E., 1979, �Groundwater computer models - practical tools,� Ground Water 17(2), pp. 174-176.

Dean, J.D. and R.F. Carsel, 1987, �A linked modeling system for evaluating impacts of agricultural chemical use,� Proceeding of the Agricultural Impacts on Ground Water, A conference of National Water Well Association, Des Monies, IOWA, pp. 477-502.

Domenico, P.A., 1972, Concepts and Models in Groundwater Hydrology, McGraw-Hill, New York, 405 p.

Domenico, P. A., and F. W. Schwartz, 1990, Physical and Chemical Hydrogeology, John Wiley and Sons, New York

Dragu, J., 1988, The Soil Chemistry of Hazardous materials, Hazardous Materials Control Research Institute, Silver Spring, MD.

Eberts, S.M., and E.S. Bair, 1990, �Simulated effects of quarry dewatering near a municipal well field,� Ground Water 28(1), pp. 37-47.

Elnaway, O.A. and A.J. Valochi, 1989, �The cell-numerical method for solution of the three dimensional advection-dispersion equation,� Proceeding of Solving Ground Water Problem with Models, National water Well Association, West Indianapolis, IN., pp. 87-109.

England, L.A., and R.A. Freeze, 1988, �Finite-element simulation of long-term transient regional ground-water flow,� Ground Water 26(3), pp. 298-308.

Falta, R.W., I. Javandel, K. Pruess and P. A. Witherspoo, 1988, �Density-driven Flow of Gas in the Unsaturated Zone Due to the Evaporation of Volatile Organic Compounds,� Water Resources Research, vol. 25, pp. 2159-2169.

Faust, C.R., L.R. Silka, and J.W. Mercer, 1981, �Computer modeling and ground-water protection,� Ground Water 19(4), pp. 362-365.

Fetter, C.W., 1993, Contaminant Hydrogeology, Prentice Hall, N.J.

Fetter, C.W., 1994, Applied Hydrogeology, Prentice Hall, N.J.

Fogg, G.E., and R.K. Senger, 1985, �Automatic generation of flow nets with conventional ground-water modeling algorithms,� Ground Water 23(3), pp. 336-344.

Forster, C., and L. Smith, 1988, �Groundwater flow systems in mountainous terrain, 1, Numerical modeling technique,� pp. 999-1010; 2, Controlling factors, pp. 1011-1023, Water Resources Research 24(7)

Franz, T., and N. Guiguer, 1990, FLOWPATH, two-dimensional horizontal aquifer simulation model, Waterloo Hydrogeologic Software, Waterloo, Ontario, 74 p.

Freeze, R.A., and J.A. Cherry, 1979, Groundwater, Prentice-Hall, N.J.

Freeze, R.A., and P.A. Witherspoon, 1967, �Theoretical analysis of regional groundwater flow: 2. Effect of water-table configuration and subsurface permeability variation,� Water Resources Research 3, pp. 623-634.

Gelhar, L. W., A. Mantoglou, C. Welty, and K. R. Rehfeldt, 1985, A Review of Field Scale Physical Solute Transport Processes in Saturated and Unsaturated Porous Media, Rep. EA-4190, Elec. Power Res. Inst., Palo Alto, Calif.

Gelhar, L.W., 1991, Stochastic Subsurface Hydrology, Prentice-Hall, N.J.

Gerhart, J.M., 1984, �A model of regional groundwater flow in secondary permeability terrane,� Ground Water 22(2), pp. 168-175.

Gish, T.J., and C.B. Coffman, 1987, �Solute transport under no-till field corn,� Transaction American Society Agricultural Engineering 30(5), pp. 1358-1363 Sept.-Oct., 1987.

Gupta, A.D., and P.R.O. Shrestha, 1986, �Contaminant movement under pumpage-recharge condition in steady groundwater flow system,� Ground Water 24(3), pp. 342-350.

Guymon, G. L. 1994, Unsaturated Zone Hydrology, Prentice-Hall, N.J.

Hamilton, D.A., 1982, Groundwater Modeling: Selection, Testing and Use, Volume 1, Michigan Dept. of National Resources, 199 p.

Hemond, H.F. and E.J. Fechner, 1994, Chemical Fate and Transport in the Environment, Academic Press, New York.

Hermance, F.H., 1998, A Mathematical Primer on Groundwater Flow; An Introduction to the Mathematical and Physical Concepts of Saturated Flow in the Subsurface, Prentice-Hall, N.J.

Hill, M.C., 1990, MODFLOWP: A computer program for estimating parameters of a transient, three-dimensional groundwater flow model using nonlinear regression, USGS, Open-File Report, 317 p.

Hirsch, C., 1989, Numerical Computation of Internal and External Flows, Vol. 1, Fundamentals of Numerical Discretization, John Wiley and Sons, New York,

Howard, P. H., R. S. Boethling, W. F. Jarvis, W. M. Meylan, and E. M. Michalenko, 1991, Handbook of Environmental Degradation Rates, Lewis Publishers.

Hutson, J.L. and R.J. Wagenet, 1992, LEACHM: Leaching Estimation And Chemistry Model, A process-based model of water and solute movement, transformations, plant uptake and chemical reactions in the unsaturated zone, Version 3, Department of Soil, Crop and Atmospheric Sciences, New York State College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Research Series No. 92-3., Ithaca, N.Y.

Huyakorn, P.S. and J.E. Buckley, 1988, SAFTMOD: Saturated zone flow and transport two-dimensional finite element model, Draft Report to Woodward Clyde Consultants, EPA Contract No. 68-03-6304.

Jamieson, G.R., and R.A. Freeze, 1983, �Determining hydraulic conductivity distributions in a mountainous area using mathematical modeling,� Ground Water 21(2), pp. 169-177.

Javandel, I., C. Doughty, and C.F. Tsang, 1984, �Groundwater Transport: Handbook of Mathematical Models,� Water Resources Monograph 10, American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., 228 p.

Jury, W. A., W.F. Spencer, and W.J. Farmer, 1983, �Use of models for assessing relative volatility mobility and persistence of pesticides and other trace organics in soil systems,� In: Saxena, J. (ed.) Hazard assessment of chemicals: current developments, Vol. 2, Academic Press, Inc. NY.

Jury, W. A., 1986, Vadose Zone Modeling of Organic Pollutants, Chapter 11, Eds. S. C. Hern and S. M. Melancon, Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, MI.

Kirkham, D. and W.L. Powers, 1972, Advanced Soil Physics, John Wiley and Sons, N.Y.

Koinkow, L.F. and T.D., Bredehoeft, 1978, �Computer model of two dimensional solute transport and dispersion in ground water,� Techniques of Water Resources Investigation of the United States Geological Survey, Book 7, Chapter C2, US Government Printing Office, Washington DC, pp. 90.

Kool, J.B. and M.Th. van Genuchten, 1991, HYDRUS: One-dimensional variably saturated flow and transport model, including hysteresis and root water uptake, U.S. Salinity Lab., USDA-ARS, Riverside, California.

Kraus, E.H., 1959, Mineralogy; an introduction to the study of minerals and crystals, McGraw-Hill, New York

Krumbein, W. C., and Monk, G. D., 1943, �Permeability as a function of the size parameters of unconsolidated sand�: Transaction of the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers, v. 151, p. 153-163.

Lambe, T.W., and Whitman, R.V., 1969, Soil Mechanics, John Willey & Sons, Inc., NY

LaSala, A.M. Jr., and Hahn, G.W., 1960, Ground-water map of the Carolina quadrangle, Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Ground-Water Map 9, scale 1:24,000.

Lee, S. B., 1995, VLEACHSM: Vadose zone LEACHing and Saturated zone Mixing model (Version 1.0), Developed for USEPA, Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Lab., Ada, OK.

Lee, S. B., 1996, �A Screening Level Model for Estimation of Vadose Zone Leaching and Saturated Zone Mixing: VLEACHSM,� North American Water and Environment Congress, ASCE.

Li, E. A., V. O. Shanholtz, and E. W. Carson, 1976, Estimating Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity and Capillary Potential at the Wetting Front, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg.

Liu, C., and Evett, J. B., 1990, Soil Properties, Prentice Hall, NJ

Masch, F.D., and Denny, K.J., 1966, �Grain-size distribution and its effect on the permeability of unconsolidated sands,� Water Resources Research, 2, pp. 665-677.

McCuen, R. H., W. J. Rawls, and D. L. Brakensiek, 1981, �Statistical Analysis of the Brooks-Corey and The Green-Ampt Parameter Across Soil Textures,� Water Resources Research, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 1005-1013

McDonald, M.G., and A.W. Harbaugh, 1988, A modular three-dimensional finite-difference groundwater flow model, Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations 06-A1, USGS, 576 p.

Meinzer, O. E. 1923, The occurrence of ground water in the United States, U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 489.

Millington, R. J., 1959, �Gas Diffusion in Porous Media,� Science, vol. 130, pp. 100-102.

Mitchel, A. R., D. F. Griffiths, 1980, The Finite Difference Method in Partial Differential Equations, John Wiley & Sons, New York.

Moore, G.E. Jr., 1959, Bedrock geology of the Carolina and Quonchontaug quadrangles, Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Quadrangle Map 117, scale 1:31,680.

Newsom, J.M., and J.L. Wilson, 1988, �Flow of groundwater to a well near a stream - effect of ambient groundwater flow direction,� Ground Water 26(6), pp. 703-711.

Nofziger, D.L., J. Chen, and C.T. Hann, 1994, Evaluation of Unsaturated/Vadose Zone Models for Superfund Sites, USEPA, Ada, OK.

Nofziger, D.L., J.R. Williams, and T.E. Short, 1988, Interactive simulation of the fate of hazadous chemicals during land treatment of oily wastes: RITZ user's guide, USEPA, Ada, OK.

Novotny, V. and G. Chesters, 1981, Handbook of Nonpoint Pollution Sources and Management, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York

Perry, R. H., D. W. Green, and J. O. Malony, 1984, Perry's Chemical Engineer's Handbook, 6th Ed., McGraw-Hill, Inc.

Press, W. H., S. A. Teukolsky, W. T. Vetterling, B. P. Flannery, 1992, Numerical Recipies in FORTRAN, 2nd Ed. Cambridge Univ. Press, NY.

Prikett, G.F., T.G. Naymik, and C.G. Lonnquist, 1981, �A random walk solute transport model for selected groundwater quality evaluations,� Illinois State Water Survey Bulletin, Vol. 65, pp. 103.

Prickett, T.A., 1979, �Groundwater computer models - state of the art,� Ground Water 17(2), pp. 167-173.

Rao, P.S.C. and Jessup, 1982, �Development and verification of simulation models for describing pesticide dynamics in soils,� Ecological Modeling, 16:67-75.

Rao, P.S.C. and J.M. Davidson, 1980, �Estimation of pesticide retention and transformation parameters required in nonpoint source pollution models,� In: Overcash, M.R. and Davidson, J.M. (ed.) Environmental impact of nonpoint sources pollution, Ann Arbor Science Pub., Ann Arbor, MI.

Rao, P.S.C. and R.J. Wagenet, 1984, �Spatial variability of pesticides in field soils: methods for data analysis and consequences,� Weed Sciences, 33 (suppl. 2), pp. 18-24.

Ravi, V. and J. A. Johnson, 1993, VLEACH: An One-Dimensional Finite Difference Vadose Zone Leaching Model, USEPA, R. S. Kerr Res. Lab., Ada, OK

Ravi, V. and S. B. Lee, 1996, One-Dimensional Analytical Solution for Contaminant Transport in the Subsurface, Poster presentation at the Emerging Technologies in Hazardous Waste Management VIII, IDEC Division, American Chemical Society, September 9-11, Birmingham, AL.

Ravi, V. and J.R. Williams, 1998, Estimation of infiltration rate in vadose zone: Application of selected mathematical models, Vol. I, USEPA/600/R-97/128a, Feb., 1998.

Rawls, W. J., 1983, �Estimating Bulk Density from Particle Size Analysis and Organic Matter Content,� Soil Science, vol. 135, no. 2, pp. 123-125.

Remson, I., S.M. Hornberger, and F.J. Molz, 1971, Numerical Methods in Subsurface Hydrology, Wiley-Interscience, 389 p.

Ryan, B.J., and K.L. Kipp, Jr., 1984, Low-level radioactive contamination from a cold-scrap recovery operation, Wood River Junction, Rhode Island, U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report, 84-066.

Ryan, B.J., R.M. DeSaulniers, D.A. Bristol, Jr., and P.M. Barlow, 1985, Geohydrologic data for a low-level radioactive contamination site, Wood River Junction, Rhode Island, U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report, 84-725.

Sims, R. C., J. L. Sims, and S. G. Hansen, 1991, Soil Transport and Fate Database 2.0 and Model Management System, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Utah State Univ., Logan, UT., Prepared for USEPA, Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory, Ada, OK.

Sinkankas, J., 1966, Mineralogy, Princeton, NJ

Singh, A., 1981, Soil Engineering in Theory and Practice, Volume II, �Geotechnical Testing and Instrumentation,� Asia Publishing House Ltd., Bombay, India.

Solley, W.B., R. R. Pierce, and H. A. Perlman, 1993, Estimated use of water in the United States in 1990, U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1081, Washington DC.

Steila, 1976, The geography of soils, Prentice Hall, NJ

Stephens, D. B., 1996, Vadose Zone Hydrology, Lewis Publishers, NY

Stevens, D.K., W.J. Grenney, and Z. Yan, 1989, VIP: A model for the evaluation of harzardous substances in the soil, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Utah State University, Logan, Utah.

Strack, O.D.L., 1987, �The analytic element method for regional ground water modeling,� National Water Well Association, Solving Ground Water Problem with Models, Denver, CO.

Strack, O.D.L., 1988, Groundwater Mechanics, Prentice-Hall, N.J., 732 p.

Strack, O.D.L., C.R. Fitts, and W.J. Zaadnoordijk, 1987, �Application and demonstration of analytic element models,� National Water Well Association, Solving Ground Water Problem with Models, Denver, CO.

Summers, K., S. Gherini, and C. Chen, 1980, Methodology to Evaluate the Potential for Ground Water Contamination for Geothermal Fluid Releases, Prepared by Tetra Tech Inc. for USEPA/IERL, Cincinnati, OH, EPA-600/7-80-117.

Todd, D.K., 1959, Ground Water Hydrology, John Wiley & Sons, NY

Toth, J., 1962, �A theory of groundwater motion in small drainage basins in central Alberta,� Journal of Geophysical Research 67, pp. 4375-4387.

Toth, J., 1963, �A theoretical analysis of groundwater flow in small drainage basins,� Journal of Geophysical Research 68, pp. 4795-4812.

�nl�, K., M. W. Kemblowski, J. C. Parker, D. Stevens, P. K. Chong and I. Kamil, 1992, A Screening Model for Effects of Land-disposed Wastes on Ground-water Quality, USEPA.

USEPA, 1989, Determining Soil Response Action Levels Based on Potential Contaminant Migration to Ground Water: A Compendium for Examples,EPA/540/2-89/057, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, Washington D.C.

USEPA, 1990a, Background Document for EPA's Composite Model for Landfills (EPACML), Prepared by Woodward-Clyde Consultants for USEPA, Office of Solid Waste, Washington D.C.

USEPA, 1990b, Subsurface Contamination Reference Guide, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, EPA/540/2-90/011, Washington D.C.

USEPA, 1990c, The National Water Quality Inventory, 1988 Report to Congress, USEPA, Washington, DC

USEPA, 1993, Compilation of Ground-Water Models, prepared by P. van der Heijde and O.A. Elnawawy for Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory, Ada, OK

USEPA, 1994, Evaluation of Unsaturated/Vadose Zone Models for Superfund Sites, Office of Research and Development, EPA/600/R-93/184, Washington D.C.

Vogel, T., K. Huang, R. Zhang, and M. Th. van Genuchten, 1996, The HYDRUS Code for Simulation One-Dimensional Water Flow, Solute Transport, and Heat Movement in Variably-Saturated Media, US Salinity Lab. Agri. Research Service, USDA, Research Report No. 140, Riverside, CA.

Wagenet, R.J. and P.S.C. Rao, 1985, �Basic concepts of modeling pesticide fate in the crop root zone,� Weed Science, 33 (suppl. 2): pp. 25-32.

Wang, H.F. and M.P. Anderson, 1982, Introduction to Groundwater Modeling: Finite Difference and Finite Element Methods, W.H. Freeman, 256 p.

Williams, J.R., Y. Ouyang, J. Chen, and V. Ravi, 1998, Estimation of infiltration rate in vadose zone: Application of selected mathematical models, Vol. II, USEPA/600/R-97/128b, Feb., 1998.

Winter, T.C., 1976, Numerical simulation of the interaction of lakes and groundwater, USGS, Professional Paper 1001, 45 p.